Sardar Sarovar dam
Case study of Gujarat in
Narmada district in the Sardar Sarovar dam known as “Narmada dam” is
located at Nava gam. The Sardar sarovar project has considered as the lifeline
of Gujarat. This is a multipurpose river valley project on the west flowing
river Narmada. In addition, 1961, the Bharuch irrigation project had approved. Pandit
Jawaharlal Nehru laid the foundation stone for this scheme in April 1961.
|
No.
|
State
|
Villages
Affected
|
Total
|
Families
Affected
|
|
Fully
|
Partial
|
|
1
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
34
|
148
|
182
|
7500
|
|
2
|
Maharashtra
|
-
|
036
|
036
|
1350
|
|
3
|
Gujarat
|
03
|
016
|
019
|
1900
|
|
4
|
|
37
|
200
|
337
|
10750
|
In the following Table list of the displaced villages
are mentioned Pachmuli, Vadgam, Limadi , Kathedi , Boridra , Gadhir , Makhenkhada
,Surpan , Antras , Makhenkhada ,Kuppahe, Makhadi, Nava gam, Vagodiya , Gora, kavadiya
kathi, Gomna, Davadiya-Dadva, Kadhder . The
government has displaced 19 villages. Most
villages are affected by Narmada dam project like Turkheda, Sharbara, Bundra,
kunda. Narmada dam project has made more than 1900 families homeless and
landless. The affected people have lost their land as well as their livelihood.
The tribal of those areas are the severe victim of the Narmada Dam Project.
They lost their right over natural resources and faced the cultural crisis.
Loss of employment and home the
displaced people have migrated to the urban areas. In the name development the Government has violated the fundamental
Rights of the tribal people as well as ruined natural resources.(Ashvin Vasava:2016)
Statue of Unity
The Statue
of Unity is an under construction monument dedicated to Indian independence movement leader Vallabhbhai Patel
located in the Indian state of Gujarat. 182 meters (597 feet) in height,
it is to be located facing the Narmada Dam,
3.2 km away on the river island called Sadhu Bet near Vadodara in Gujarat.
This statue is planned to be spread over 20,000 square meters of project area
and will be surrounded by an artificial lake spread across 12 km of area. It
would be the world's tallest statue when completed. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Rashtriya Ekta Trust
(SVPRET), a special purpose vehicle was established by the Gujarat government
and the outreach programme across India was carried out starting December 2013.
Initially the total cost of the project was estimated to be about ₹2,063 crore (US$320 million) by the government.
Later Larsen & Toubrow on the contract in October
2014 for its lowest bid of ₹2,989 crore (US$470 million)
for the design, construction and maintenance. The construction was started on
31 October 2014.
The project
was first announced on 7 October 2010. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Rashtriya Ekta
Trust (SVPRET), a special purpose vehicle was established by the Gujarat
government for construction of the statue. The iron needed for the statue and
other structures was to be collected from farmers of villages all around India
in a form of donation of their used farming instruments. SVPRET set up 36
offices across India to collect these iron instruments. wherein over 500,000
Indian farmers are expected to donate. The drive was named the 'Statue of
Unity movement'. There was to be three-month-long nationwide campaign to
collect iron pieces from six lakh villages to build the statue. During
this period, over 5000 metric tonnes of iron were collected. Although it
was initially announced that the iron collected will be used for the main
statue, it later emerged that the collected iron will not be used in
construction of the actual statue and will instead be used for some other part
of the project.
The Statue of
Unity Movement was organized a Suraaj (good governance in
Hindi) petition wherein people wrote about their ideas for the good governance.
The Suraaj Petition was signed by an estimated 20 million people, which was the
world's largest petition signed. A marathon entitled Run for
Unity was held on 15 December 2013 in several places throughout India. The
marathon had a large turnout and sign-ups before the event reported thousands
of registrations.
Project
The
monument statue of Vallabhbhai
Patel is being constructed facing the Narmada Dam, 3.2 km away on the river island called Sadhu
Bet. The total height of the statue from its base will be 240 metre consisting
base level of 58 meter and statue of 182 meter. It is being constructed with
steel framing, reinforced cement concrete and bronze coating. The statue
will need 75000 cubic meters of concrete, 5700 metric tonne steel structure,
18500 tonne reinforced steel rods, 22500 tonne bronze sheets for construction. In
the first phase, a bridge connecting the memorial to the main land, a memorial,
visitor center buildings, a memorial garden, a hotel, a convention center, an
amusement park, research centers and institutes is being constructed.
The
Statue of Unity is being designed as a naturalistic and historically accurate
representation of Sardar Patel, wearing characteristic garments, in a walking
stance. Some highlights of this project:
· Bronze
cladding on the Statue.
·
Fast
elevators to reduce transit time for visitors.
·
The
three-level base of the Statue - exhibit floor, mezzanine and roof - will
contain a Memorial Garden and a large continuous museum/exhibition hall,
comprising exhibits that focus on the life and contributions of Sardar
Vallabhbhai Patel.
·
The
observation deck, situated at a height of around 500 ft from riverbed,
will accommodate up to 200 people at a time. It will provide visitors a
panoramic view, enabling them to see the beautiful Satpura and Vindhyachal
mountain ranges, the 212 km long Sardar Sarovar Reservoir, and the
12 km long Garudeshwar Reservoir.
·
Access
to the Statue via a 5 km boat ride.
·
A
large modern canopied public plaza, overlooking the Narmada River and the
Statue, comprising food stalls, ornate gift shops, retail kiosks and other
amenities, that will provide visitors a well-rounded tourist experience.
·
Finance
·
The
monument is being built on a PPP model, with most of the money raised by
Gujarat Government. The Government
of Gujarat has
allotted Rs 100 crore for the project in the budget for 2012-13 and Rs 500
crore in 2014-15. In the 2014-15
Union Budget announced
on 10 July 2014, ₹2 billion (US$31 million) have been allocated
for the construction of the statue.
·
Construction
·
A
consortium of Turner
Construction (project
manager of Burj Khalifa), Michael
Graves and Associates and Meinhardt Group, is
supervising the project. It will take 56 months to complete the project; 15
months for planning, 40 months for construction and two months for handing over
by the consortium. The total cost of the project was estimated to be
about ₹2,063 crore (US$320 million) by the government. The
tender bids for the first phase were invited in October 2013 and were closed in
November 2013.
·
The
then Chief Minister of Gujarat Narendra Modi,
(currently Prime
Minister of India) laid
the foundation stone of statue on 31 October 2013, the 138th birth anniversary
of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. He along with L. K. Advani announced to the public that after completion
of the project, it would be the tallest statue of the world.
·
Indian
infrastructure company Larsen & Toubro won the contract on 27 October 2014 for its
lowest bid of ₹2,989 crore (US$470 million) for the design,
construction and maintenance. They commenced the construction on 31
October 2014 and are expected to complete it by 2018. In the first phase
of ₹2,989 crore (US$470 million) project, Rs 1347 crore are for
the main statue, Rs 235 crore for exhibition hall and convention center, Rs 83
crore for the bridge connecting the memorial to the main land and Rs 657 crore
for the maintenance of the structure for 15 years after its completion. Accenture provides digital media outreach programe.
·
The
monument is designed by Ram V. Sutar. The
statue has so far been erected up to the knees — 59 meters tall, at 117 m above
sea level — out of a planned 182 m, to match the number of assembly
constituencies in Gujarat. Close to 2,400 workers are at work on day and night
shifts. The core wall, the RCC spine of the statue — on which steel frames will
be affixed to hold the bronze cladding together - is being constructed.
·
Issues
·
Most
local people have opposed land acquisition for tourism infrastructure
development around the statue. They also proved that, Sadhu bet was originally
called Varata Bawa Tekri, named after a local deity and so it was a site of
religious importance
·
Environmental
activists wrote a letter to central government that this project started
implementation without environmental clearance from the ministry.
·
People
of Kevadia, Kothi, Waghodia, Limbdi, Navagam and Gora villages opposed the
construction of the statue demanding back land rights of formerly acquired 927
acres of land for dam and the formation of Garudeshwar taluka. They also
opposed formation of Kevadia Area Development Authority (KADA) and the
construction of Garudeshwar weir-cum-causeway project. Government of Gujarat
accepted their demands.
·
When ₹2
billion (US$31 million) was allocated for the statue in the 2014-15
Union budget,
several people and the political parties criticized the expenditure for the
statue over other priorities like women's safety, education and agricultural
schemes. L&T has contracted with TQ Art Foundry; subsidiary of the Jiangxi
Toqine Company based in Nanchang, China; for the bronze cladding of the statue. It was criticized
by Indian National Congress,Bhartiya Tribal Party the opposition party's in Gujarat Legislative Assembly
[1].
In Narmada district; two dames 1. Sardar Sarovar dam (Narmada Dam) 2. Karjan Dam and now Vehar Dam work is going on,Statue of Unity project; effected and displacement 72 villages Vehar Dam project effected 142 villages displacement. all are tribal. why? development?
